17 Januari 2009

Phosphorus Bomb

Bismillahirrohmanirrohim

In the War of Israel - Palestina, we often hear of Phosporus Bomb. It is well known that forbidden used in a war-fight. Why? Lets discuss an overview of this bomb then.

White phosphorus (WP) is a flare and smoke producing incendiary device or smoke-screening agent that is made from a common allotrope of the chemical element phosphorus. White phosphorus bombs and shells are incendiary weapons, but can also be used as offensive anti-personnel flame compounds capable of causing serious burns or death. The agent is used in bombs, artillery, and mortars, short-range missiles which burst into burning flakes of phosphorus upon impact. White phosphorus is commonly referred to in military jargon as "WP".

White phosphorus weapons are controversial today because of their potential use against civilians. While the Chemical Weapons Convention does not designate WP as a chemical weapon, various groups consider it to be one. In recent years, the United States, Israel, and Russia have used white phosphorus in combat.


:: Effects on humans


White phosphorus can cause injuries and death in three ways: by burning deep into tissue, by being inhaled as a smoke, and by being ingested. Extensive exposure by burning and ingestion is fatal.

1) By burning

Incandescent particles of WP cast off by a WP weapon's initial explosion can produce extensive, deep (second and third degree), burns. Phosphorus burns carry a greater risk of mortality than other forms of burns due to the absorption of phosphorus into the body through the burned area, resulting in liver, heart and kidney damage, and in some cases multi-organ failure. These weapons are particularly dangerous to exposed people because white phosphorus continues to burn unless deprived of oxygen or until it is completely consumed. In some cases, burns are limited to areas of exposed skin because the smaller WP particles do not burn completely through personal clothing before being consumed. According to GlobalSecurity.org, quoted by The Guardian, "White phosphorus results in painful chemical burn injuries".


2) By inhalation of smoke


Burning WP produces a hot, dense white smoke. Most forms of smoke are not hazardous in the kinds of concentrations produced by a battlefield smoke shell. Exposure to heavy smoke concentrations of any kind for an extended period (particularly if near the source of emission) does have the potential to cause illness or even death.

WP smoke irritates the eyes and nose in moderate concentrations. With intense exposures, a very explosive cough may occur. However, no recorded casualties from the effects of WP smoke alone have occurred in combat operations and to date there are no confirmed deaths resulting from exposure to phosphorus smoke.

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry has set an acute inhalation Minimum Risk Level (MRL) for white phosphorus smoke of 0.02 mg/m³, the same as fuel oil fumes. By contrast, the chemical weapon mustard gas is 30 times more potent: 0.0007 mg/m³.


3) By oral ingestion


The accepted lethal dose when white phosphorus is ingested orally is 1 mg per kg of body weight, although the ingestion of as little as 15 mg has resulted in death. It may also cause liver, heart or kidney damage. There are reports of individuals with a history of oral ingestion who have passed phosphorus-laden stool ("smoking stool syndrome")

Source is mostly taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_phosphorus

So, we know that Phosphorus Bomb is potentially dangerous for all people. Not only for the military or who fights in the main battlefield, but also the civil. Furthermore, the effects of this bomb are so painful for the victim. So, what kind of the human who use it in a battlefield?

2 respon:

Ă„inh_schilcht mengatakan...

HeartlesS.!!!
..
The only word for oNes who use it in battlefield, or even in civiL area..,
many innocent people wilL getting suffer 'cause of the WP..
.,
so better n0t use the helL thing ever..!!!
,,,n the best way iS .
.
"keeping peacefull ALways" :)

Anonim mengatakan...

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Help, please. All recommend this program to effectively advertise on the Internet, this is the best program!

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